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Rb¥ Ges †cvcxq `vwqZ¡ MÖn‡Yi c~‡e©Kvi NUbv: †cvc 1g
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ZvwiL †Kv_vI D‡jøL †bB)| Zuvi wcZvi bvg wQj †hvnb, whwb wQ‡jb wefvwhZ BZvwji
`ywU ag©cÖ‡`k ev †Rjvi g‡a¨ GKwUi cÖwZwbwa (Vicar)|
mgªvÁx w_I‡Wviv lohš¿ K‡i
†cvc 1g AvMvwcUz‡mi DËim~ix †cvc wmjfviæm (Silverius) Gi weiæ‡× åvšÍgZev` Ôg‡bvwdwRwURgÕ (Monophysitism)
Gi m„wóKvix wn‡m‡e Awf‡hvM K‡ib hvi
Kvi‡Y eBRv›UvBb †mbvcªavb †ewj‡mwiDm (Belisarius) Zuv‡K c`Pz¨Z K‡ib Ges †`‡kv`ªnx A‡óªvM_&‡`i mg_©b Kivi
Awf‡hv‡M BZvwj †_‡K wbe©vm‡b cvVvb| mgªvU 1g Rvwówbqvb (Justinian
I) †cvc wmj‡fwiD‡mi weiæ‡× AvbxZ wg_¨v Awf‡hvM
†R‡b Zuv‡K †iv‡g Avevi wdwi‡q G‡b NUbvwUi h_vh_ AbymÜvb Kivi wb‡`©k †`b| mgªvU
GI D‡jøL K‡ib hw` AbymÜv‡b wb‡`©vl cÖgvwYZ nq Zvn‡j Zuv‡K c~e© c‡` cybivq envj
Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨w`‡K mgªvÁx w_I‡Wviv †cvc wmj‡fwiD‡mi BZvwj Awfgy‡L hvÎvq euvav
`v‡bi j‡ÿ¨ †cjvwRDm‡K †iv‡g †cÖiY K‡ib| wKš‘ †cjvwRDm D‡Ïk¨ mva‡b e¨v_© nb|
cieZ©x‡Z be wbhy³ †cvc wfwRwjDm (Vigilius), †cjvwRD‡mi Z_¨vbyhvqx †cvc wmj‡fwiDm‡K BZvwj hvÎv †_‡K weiZ
_vK‡Z eva¨ K‡ib| cwi‡k‡l †cvc wmj‡fwiDm‡K †_ªBm (Thrace) Gi KvivMv‡i e›`x Kiv nq Ges †mLv‡b wZwb g„Zy¨i gy‡L cwZZ
nb|
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AvU eQi Abycw¯’Z _vKvKvjxb mg‡q †cjvwRDm wWKb wn‡m‡e gÊjxi A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
`vwqZ¡ cvj‡b iZ wQ‡jb| wZwb †cvc wfwRwjD‡mi †cvcxq kvmbvKv‡j evBRv›UvBb mgªvU
1g Rvwówbqvb (Justinian I) †K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z mÿg nb| GiB myev‡` wZwb 540 wLªóv‡ã Av‡jKRvw›`ªqvi
cj‡K H gÊjxi gnvag©cvj wn‡m‡e wbe©vwPZ K‡ib, wKš‘ Gi gvÎ `yÕeQi ciB cj‡K c`Pz¨Z
K‡i wfbœ e¨w³‡K ¯’jvwfwl³ K‡ib| †mB
eQ‡ii g‡a¨B Kb&÷vw›U‡bvc‡ji ¯’vbxq mfvq Awi‡Rb (Origen) Gi weiæ‡× Awf‡hvM DÌvwcZ n‡j †cjvwRDm †iv‡g cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡ib|
hLb †cvc wfwRwjDm mgªvU 1g Rvwówbqvb (Justinian
I) Gi Av‡`‡k
Kb&÷vw›U‡bvc‡j †h‡Z eva¨ nb ZLb †cjvwRDm wWKb Ae¯’vq †cv‡ci cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e
†iv‡g Ae¯’vb K‡ib|
†iv‡gi GKRb mvnmx wWKb: mgqwU wQj †iv‡gi Rb¨ AwZe
KwVb I fq¼i| †Kbbv ee©i RvwZ M_&m (Goths)
Gi †bZv UwUjv
(Totila) evBRv›UvBb‡`i KvQ †_‡K †ivgvb
mvgªvR¨ cybiæ×v‡ii j‡ÿ¨ †ivg bMix Aeiæ× K‡i ivLwQj| hvi d‡j †iv‡g `~wf©‡ÿi Kivj
MÖvm cwijwÿZ nq| GgbZve¯’vq †cjvwRD‡mi Ae`vb wPi¯§iYxq, “When the Goth besieged the city in 547, the vicar
(Pelagius) used much of his personal wealth to alleviate the sufferings of the
people, and after the Goths had captured Rome, he bargained with their king
Totila and avoided a massacre.”[1] cieZ©x‡Z wZwb 546 wLªóv‡ãi
wW‡m¤^‡i hLb †iv‡gi cÖavb wn‡m‡e `vwq‡Z¡ Av‡mb ZLb RbM‡Yi cÖvY iÿvi Rb¨ mgªvU
UwUjvi mv‡_ GK‡Î we‡kl c`‡ÿc MÖnY K‡ib| GLv‡b we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL¨ †h, †Mvw_K †bZv
UwUjv (Totila) †cvc wfwRwjD‡mi mv‡_ GK‡Î KvR
Kivi B”Qv cÖKvk K‡ib Ges Kb&÷vw›U‡bvcj †_‡K hy³ bv †_‡K ¯^Kxqfv‡e ivR¨
cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †ivgvb mvgªv‡R¨i cÖksmv K‡ib| UwUjv (Totila) wWKb †cjvwRD‡mi Øviv Ggbfv‡e cÖfvweZ nb †h Zuv‡K Kb&÷vw›U‡bvc‡j
mgªvU 1g Rvwówbqvb (Justinian
I) Gi Kv‡Q kvwšÍ cÖwZôvi j‡ÿ¨ cvVvb| wKš‘ mgªvU
Zuv‡K GB e‡j †diZ cvwV‡q †`b †h, BZvwj‡Z Zvi †mbvcÖavb Aeiæ× Av‡Qb Ges hy× bv
kvwšÍ Zv wZwbB wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡eb| Ggb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †cvc wfwRwjDm‡K mg_©b `v‡bi
Rb¨ Kg©D`¨gx wWKb †cjvwRDm cybivq Kb&÷vw›U‡bvc‡j cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡ib, †Kbbv †cvc
wfwRwjDm‡K mgªvU wb‡Ri B”Qvbyhvqx ÔwÎ-Aa¨vqÕ (Heretic
Chapters) bv‡g cwiwPZ åvšÍgZev‡`i cÿ mg_©‡b eva¨
KiwQj| GB welqwU †hŠ_fv‡e wZbwU †b‡óvwiqvb gZvej¤^x †jLbxi mv‡_ hy³ hv wKbv
K¨vjwmWb gnvmfvq åvšÍgZev` Ôg‡bvwdwRwURÕ (Monophysitism) Gi cÿ mg_©‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i| †cvc wfwRwjDm wWKb †cjvwRD‡mi Aby‡cÖiYvq 551 wLªóv‡ã mgªvU 1g Rvwówbqv‡bi
Kg© cwiKíbvq KwVbfv‡e cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó K‡ib Ges 553 wLªóv‡ãi †g gv‡m Zuvi 1g
wb‡`©kbv (Constitutum) cÖ`vb K‡ib| wKš‘ Ryb gv‡mB
wØZxq Kb&÷vw›U‡bvcj gnvmfvi cwimgvw߇Z ÔwÎ-Aa¨vqÕ (Heretic Chapters) †K åvšÍgZev` wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq| hvi d‡j †cvc wfwRwjDm, wWKb †cjvwRDm Ges Zuv‡`i cÿ mg_©bKvix
mKj‡KB mgªv‡Ui wb‡`©‡k KvivMv‡i e›`x Kiv nq| wKš‘ fv‡M¨i wbg©g cwinvm, Ae‡k‡l
†cvc wfwRwjDm mgªv‡Ui AvbyMZ¨ †g‡b †bb|
kZ©vax‡b †cjvwRD‡mi AvZ¥mgc©Y :
†cjvwRDm mn‡R mgªv‡Ui wbKU ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi K‡ib wb| wZwb mgªv‡Ui mvgªvR¨ev`x
g‡bvfv‡ei weiæ‡× †jLv‡jwL K‡ib Ges cÖKv‡k¨ †cvc wfwRwjDm‡K mgªv‡Ui wbKU ek¨Zv
¯^xKv‡ii †nZz Zuvi iwPZ Trium
Capitulorum (In Defense of the three Chapters) Zxeªfv‡e wb›`v K‡ib| hvi dj¯^iƒc †cvc wfwRwjDm
Zuv‡K gÊjxPy¨Z K‡ib| hv‡nvK, Ae‡k‡l †cjvwRDm cybivq †cv‡ci mv‡_ mg‡SvZvq Av‡mb
Ges Zuvi c‡ÿB Ae¯’vb †bb| m¤¢eZ Zuvi †cvc‡K mg_©‡bi D‡Ïk¨ wQj mgªv‡Ui
AbyMÖnfvRb nIqv| KviY wZwb Dcjwä Ki‡Z mÿg n‡qwQ‡jb †h, †cv‡ci weiæ‡× Ae¯’vb
wb‡j gÊjxi g‡a¨ †h GKZv ev wgjb i‡q‡Q Zv‡Z eo ai‡Yi dvUj †`Lv †`‡e| wKš‘ Zuvi
wec‡ÿ Ae¯’vbiZ RbMY g‡b K‡iwQj, wZwb g~jZt †cv‡ci c‡ÿ Ae¯’vb MÖnY Ki‡Qb ïaygvÎ
mgªv‡Ui AbyMÖnfvRb n‡q †cvc c` jvf Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨| cwi‡k‡l, †hfv‡eB †nvK †cjvwRDm
mgªv‡Ui `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡Z mg_© n‡qwQ‡jb Ges Ryb, 555 wLªóv‡ã hLb †cvc wfwRwjDm
†iv‡gi D‡Ï‡k¨ hvÎvc‡_ wmivKz‡m (Siracuse)
g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib
ZLb wZwb †cvc wfwRwjD‡mi DËivwaKvix wn‡m‡e wbe©vwPZ
nb|
†cvc 1g †cjvwRD‡mi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY: †cvc
1g †cjvwRDm 16 GwcÖj, 556 wLªóv‡ã †cvc wn‡m‡e wbhy³ nb| Zuv‡K `vwqZ¡ MÖn‡Yi
ciciB GK KwVb ev¯ÍeZvi m¤§yLxb n‡Z n‡q‡Q| KviY wZwb †Kvb wekc‡KB Zuvi ¯^c‡ÿ
cvbwb eis mevB mgªv‡Ui AvbyMZ¨ †g‡b †bIqvi R‡b¨ Zuvi wec‡ÿ Ae¯’vb wb‡qwQ‡jb|
GgbwK †iv‡g hvÎvKv‡j c~e©eZ©x †cvc wfwRwjD‡mi g„Zz¨i Rb¨I Zuv‡K †`vlv‡ivc Kiv
nq| †cvc
†cjvwRDm wb‡R‡K wb‡`©vl cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ mvay wcZ‡ii gnvgw›`i (St. Peter’s Basilica) G hvb Ges cweÎ evB‡ej I hxïi µzk a‡i Rbm¤§y‡L
e‡jb †h wZwb †cvc wfwRwjD‡mi †Kvb ÿwZ K‡ibwb A_©vr Zuvi g„Zz¨i Rb¨ wZwb `vqx
bb|
gÊjx‡Z Zuvi Ae`vb: †cvc 1g †cjvwRD‡mi cuvP eQiKvjxb †cvcxq kvmbKv‡j Ab¨Zg cÖavb
Ae`vb wQj wØZxq Kb&÷vbw›U‡bvcj gnvmfvq M„nxZ ÔwÎ-Aa¨vqÕ (Heretic Chapters) †K eR©bxq e‡j †NvlYvi R‡b¨ cwðg (Western) G Ae¯’vbiZ wekcM‡Yi g‡a¨ †h `Ê ev we‡”Q` (Shcism) m„wó n‡qwQj Zv wbimb Kiv| hw`I wZwb G‡ÿ‡Î m¤ú~Y©fv‡e mdjZv
jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| GQvovI wZwb BZvwj‡Z gÊjxi m¤ú`mg~n †h¸‡jv M_&‡mi hy‡×
ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡qwQj †m¸‡jvi †givgZ I ms¯‹vi mvab K‡ib| we‡klfv‡e wZwb ÿwZMÖ¯Í I
cyi‡bv MxR©v Ges mswkøó m¤ú`vejxi ms¯‹vi mvab, gvwjKvbv wba©viY, Ges Mixe‡`i
mvnvh¨v‡_© LvRbv ev K‡ii e¨e¯’v K‡ib| hv‡nvK, wZwb ÔwÎ-Aa¨vqÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ
åvšÍgZev` eR©‡bi Kvi‡Y cÖvP¨ (Eastern) Ges cwðg (Western) Gi ga¨Kvi m„ó we‡”Q‡`i cwic~Y©fv‡e wbimb Ki‡Z mÿg nbwb| hvi
d‡j BZvwj‡Z cÖv‡P¨i cÖwZ GKUv ˆeixfv‡e †R‡M I‡V|
†cvc
1g †cjvwRD‡mi †cvcxq kvmbvg‡j DËi BZvwj Ges M&j (Gaul - eZ©gv‡b d«vÝ bv‡g cwiwPZ) G ag©xq we‡”Q` (Schism) †`Lv †`q| we‡kl Kv‡i DËi BZvwj‡Z Zv gvivZ¥K AvKvi aviY K‡i| wZwb
†mLv‡b Ae¯’vbiZ wekc‡`i hv‡`i Kvi‡Y we‡”Q` (Schism)
Mfx‡i cÖ‡ek
KiwQj Zv‡`i mv‡_ †evSvcov Ki‡Z h_vme©¯^ †Póv K‡ib| wKš‘ Zviv ÔwÎ-Aa¨vqÕ bvgK åvšÍgZev`
eR©‡bi †nZz g‡bvwdwRwURg (Monophysitism) åvšÍgZev‡` cybivq AvK…ó nq|
†cvc Zv‡`i‡K †Rvi Mjvq e‡jb †h, GB `yÕwU gnvmfv ïaygvÎ evwn¨Kfv‡e G‡K Ac‡ii
wecixZ g‡b nq, wKš‘ Avm‡j Zv bq| wKš‘ Zviv †cv‡ci K_v MÖvn¨ bv K‡i ÔwÎ-Aa¨vqÕ
eR©‡bi weiæ‡× wjwLZKv‡i †cv‡ci wbKU Awf‡hvMcÎ †cÖiY K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K AvKzB‡jBqv (Aquileia) -i wekc cvDjym (Paulus) GKwU ag©mfvi AvnŸvb K‡ib Ges
†iv‡gi mv‡_ m¤ú~Y© ms‡hvM wew”Qbœ K‡ib| Dc‡iv³ Kvi‡Y †cvc 1g †cjvwRDm
evBRv›UvBb †mbvcÖavb bv‡m©m (Narses) Gi Kv‡Q wekc cvDjym‡K
†MÖdZv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ GKwU cÎ cvVvb| hw`I bv‡m©m †cv‡ci Av‡`k Abyhvqx wekc‡K †MÖdZvi
K‡i wb, Z_vwc we‡”Q` (Schism) mgm¨vi GLv‡bB cwimgvwß N‡U| Ab¨w`‡K
M&j (Gaul - eZ©gv‡b d«vÝ bv‡g cwiwPZ) Gi
D³ mgm¨v mgvav‡b †cvc 1g †cjvwRD‡mi KzUbxwZK Áv‡bi h_vh_ e¨envi mvdj¨ e‡q wb‡q
Av‡m| d«v¼ mgªvU wPj`vevU© (Childebert) Gi Aby‡iv‡a wZwb GKwU ag©
wek¦v‡mi ¯^xKv‡ivw³ (Profession of
Faith) †cÖiY
K‡ib †hLv‡b D‡jøL wQj †h, †Kvb ai‡bi Ag~jK ev AmZ¨ K_v M&j (Gaul) G we‡”Q` Avbqb Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| cieZ©x‡Z †mLv‡b mgªv‡Ui
Aby‡ivavbyhvqx †cv‡ci cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e GKRb wekc‡K cvVv‡bv nq whwb †cv‡ci n‡q meai‡bi
`vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e d«v¼ mgªvU Ges †cv‡ci ga¨Kvi m¤úK© DbœwZ N‡U Ges
†mLvbKvi we‡”Q` mgm¨v `yixf~Z nq| AvM÷, 554 wLªóv‡ã mgªvU 1g Rvwówbqvb Gi
wb‡`©kbvgv Abyhvqx †cvc 1g †cjvwRD‡mi BZvwj‡Z KZ©„Z¡ e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K| ZLb wZwb
GKwU gvÊjxK wePvivjq MVb K‡ib; cy‡ivwnZ m¤cÖ`v‡qi Ace¨env‡ii we‡jvc mvab K‡ib;
bZzbfv‡e gÊjxi Rb¨ A‡_©i e¨e¯’v Ges Mixe‡`i Rb¨ e¯¿ I A_© M&j (Gaul- eZ©gv‡b d«vÝ bv‡g cwiwPZ) †_‡K msMÖn K‡ib| GQvovI wZwb
evBRv›UvBb bxwZi mv‡_ mv`„k¨ †i‡L †iv‡g GKwU A¯’vqx cÖkvmb e¨e¯’v K‡ib hvi
KZ©„Z¡ mivmwi †cv‡ci nv‡Z b¨¯Í wQj| hvi d‡j †iv‡g miKvix wewfbœ Kvh©vejx †cv‡ci
ØvivB m¤úvw`Z nIqvi GKUv aviv m„wó nq|
g„Zz¨ : c„w_ex‡Z †Kvb wKQz wPi¯’vqx
_v‡K bv| mevB‡K g„Zz¨i gy‡LvgywL n‡Z nq| 3 gvP©, 561 wLªóv‡ã A‡bK‡K †kv‡Ki
mvM‡i fvwm‡q †cvc 1g †cjvwRDm BZvwj‡Z ci‡jvKMZ nb| Zuvi g„Z‡`n mvay wcZ‡ii gnvgw›`‡ii
m¤§y‡L mgvwnZ Kiv nq|
Bibliography
1.
New Catholic Encyclopedia, 2nd ed.,
v.11, s.v. ‘Pelagius I, Pope’, by J.F. Kelly, 2003.
2.
The Catholic Encyclopedia, for School and Home, v.8, s.v. ‘Pelagius I, Pope’, by Bernard F.
Relly, 1965.
3.
Encyclopedia Americana, v.21, s.v. ‘Pelagius I,
Pope’, by John W. O’Malley, S.J., 2001.
4.
CASTLE, Tony and Peter McGrath: On this Rock. The Popes and their times:
St. Peter to John Paul II, London, St. Pauls, 2002.
5.
Websites and Links : http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Pope_Pelagius_I
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/449078/Pelagius-I
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